Nutrition for Wound Healing

Nutrition for Wound Healing

Nutrition for Wound Healing   November 16, 2015

Nutrition is a food that contains enough nutrients and energy value for the development and maintenance of optimal health.

Reason nutrients needed for the wound healing process
In the state of the wound, then, interrupted wholeness of body tissues and require sufficient nutrients to be able to repair the body's tissues are damaged.

Type of food that should be considered for wound healing
Among the foods that contain carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water, then the most important for wound healing is a protein and vitamin C.

The reason: Protein and vitamin C very important role in the wound healing process. In addition, vitamin C has an important role to prevent infection and bleeding wounds.

Examples of foods that need to be considered for wound healing:

• Protein is divided into, vegetable and animal. Examples of vegetable such as tempe, tofu, nuts etc. Examples of animal protein, liver, eggs, chicken, shrimp, etc.
• Vitamin C include: nuts, citrus, guava, papaya leaves, spinach, tomatoes.

Definition, Signs and symptoms of Hallucinations

Definition, Signs and symptoms of Hallucinations

Health   November 16, 2015

Definition

Hallucinations are a response (perception) senses without stimulation from the outside (external)


Classification

Hallucinations can occur in any sensory modality:

• visual,
• auditory,
• olfactory,
• gustatory,
• tactile,
• proprioceptive,
• equilibrioception,
• nociceptive,
• thermoreceptive, and
• chronoception.

Signs and symptoms

• Pulling away, avoid others.
• Easily offended.
• Smile, speak for themselves.
• Anxiety, fear, face tense.
• Talks chaotic, sometimes unreasonable.
• Suspicion and hostility.
• Self-blame / others.
• Can be self-destructive, others and the environment.
• Unable to distinguish between the real and unreal.
• Unable to focus attention / concentration.
• Difficult to make a decision.
• Fear.
• Red face sometimes pale.
• Unwilling or unable to perform self care such as bathing, brushing teeth, dressing.

Gastritis - 5 Additional Tests to Determine a Clear Cause

Gastritis - 5 Additional Tests to Determine a Clear Cause

Health   November 10, 2015

When a patient is diagnosed with gastritis, usually followed by additional tests to determine a clear cause. The tests includes:

1. Blood tests.
This test is used to check for the presence of H. pylori antibodies in the blood. A positive test indicates that the patient has been in contact with the bacteria at some time in their lives, but it does not indicate that the patient is infected. Blood tests may also be done to check for anemia, which occurs due to gastric bleeding due to gastritis.

2. Breathing tests.
This test can determine whether a patient is infected by the bacteria H. pylori or not.

3. Feces Test.
This test checks whether there is H. pylori in the feces or not. A positive result could indicate infection. Test conducted for the presence of blood in the stool. It showed bleeding in the stomach.

4. The upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.
With this test can look for abnormalities in the upper gastrointestinal tract which may not be visible on X-rays. This test is done by inserting a small flexible hose (endoscope) through the mouth and into the esophagus, stomach and upper small intestine. Throat advance in anesthesia before the endoscope is inserted to ensure patients feel comfortable undergoing this test. If any tissue in the gastrointestinal tract looks suspicious, the doctor will remove a small sample (biopsy) of the tissue. The samples will then be taken to the laboratory for examination. This test takes approximately 20 to 30 minutes. Patients usually do not go home when the test is completed, but had to wait until the effects of anesthesia disappear, approximately one or two hours. Virtually no risk as a result of this test. Frequent complication is the discomfort of the throat from swallowing the endoscope.


5. X-rays of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
This test will look for signs of gastritis or other gastrointestinal diseases. Usually it will be asked to swallow a liquid barium X-ray done before. This liquid will coat the gastrointestinal tract and be seen more clearly when in the X-ray.

Classification and Pathophysiology of Gastritis

Classification and Pathophysiology of Gastritis

Health   November 10, 2015

Gastritis is an inflammation localized or spread on the gastric mucosa that develops when the mucosal protective mechanism is filled with bacteria or irritants. (J. Reves, 1999)

Classification of Gastritis

Gastritis by type is divided into 2 (two), namely:

1. Acute Gastritis
Gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa) is most often caused by recklessness diet, such as eating too much, too fast, eating food too much seasoning or infected food. Other causes include alcohol, aspirin, bile reflux and radiation therapy. Gastritis may also be the first signs of acute systemic infection. Form of more severe acute gastritis caused by strong acid or alkaline, which can cause the mucosa into gangrene or perforation.

2. Chronic Gastritis
Prolonged inflammation caused by both benign and malignant gastric ulcers, by the bacteria H. pylori. Chronic gastritis may be classified as a Type A or Type B. Type A this occurs in the gastric fundus or corpus. Type B (H. pylori) of the antrum and pylorus. May be related to H. pylori bacteria. Dietary factors such as hot beverages, seasonings, use of drugs, alcohol, smoking or reflux of intestinal contents into the stomach.


Pathophysiology of Gastritis

Foodstuffs, drinks, drugs and chemicals that go into the stomach, causing irritation or erosion of the mucosa, so that the hull loss of barrier (protective). Furthermore, an increase in back diffusion of hydrogen ions. Interference diffusion of the mucosa and increased secretion of gastric acid increase / lot. Stomach acid and digestive enzymes. Then invade the gastric mucosa and there was an inflammatory reaction. This is called gastritis. Gastric mucosal responses against most of these irritants is with mucosal regeneration, therefore, such disorders often disappears by itself.

With a constant irritation, tissue becomes inflamed and bleeding can occur.

With the introduction of substances such as acids and strong bases which are corrosive resulting in inflammation and necrosis of the wall of the stomach (corrosive gastritis). Necrosis may result in perforation of the stomach wall to the next due to bleeding and peritonitis.

Chronic gastritis may lead to a state of atrophy of the gastric glands and mucous circumstances there are patches of thickened gray or gray-green (atrophic gastritis). The loss of the gastric mucosa will ultimately result in reduced secretion of the stomach and the emergence of pernicious anemia. Atrophic gastritis may be the prelude to gastric carcinoma. Chronic gastritis may also occur simultaneously with peptic ulcer or may occur after gastroyeyunostomía action.

Erythrasma - Definition, Causes, Symptoms and Prevention

Erythrasma - Definition, Causes, Symptoms and Prevention

Health Articles   November 06, 2015

Erythrasma

DEFINITION

Erythrasma is an infection of the top layers of the skin caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium minutissimum.


CAUSE

Bacterium Corynebacterium minutissimum. Erythrasma common in adults and diabetics; The most commonly found in the tropics.


SYMPTOMS

Often found in areas where skin contact with the skin, such as under the breasts and armpits, between the toes and the genital area (especially in men, where the thighs touch the scrotum). Infection causes the formation of patches of pink with irregular shapes, which will then be transformed into smooth scales brown.

In some patients, the infection spreads to the torso and anal area. Could itching that are mild.


PREVENTION

Some actions can be done to reduce the risk of Erythrasma:

• Maintain cleanliness of the body.
• Keep skin dry.
• Using clean clothes with materials that absorb sweat.
• Avoiding excessive heat or moisture.

Definition, Causes and Symptoms of Septic Shock

Definition, Causes and Symptoms of Septic Shock

Septic Shock   November 04, 2015

Septic Shock

DEFINITIONS

Septic shock is a condition in which blood pressure drops to levels that endanger lives as a result of sepsis.

Septic shock often occur in:

• newborn baby,
• age above 50 years, and
• people with immune system disorders.

CAUSES

Septic shock caused by toxins produced by certain bacteria and due to cytokines (substances made by the immune system to fight an infection). Toxins released by the bacteria can cause tissue damage and circulatory disorders.

Risk factors for septic shock:

• Chronic diseases (diabetes, blood cancer, genital-urinary tract, liver, gall bladder, intestine).
• Infection.
• Long-term use of antibiotics.
• Medical procedures or surgery.

SYMPTOMS

Early signs of septic shock is often a decrease in mental alertness and confusion that arise within 24 hours or more before the blood pressure falls. This phenomenon is caused by reduced blood flow to the brain. Outpouring of blood from the heart is indeed increased, but the blood vessels widen so blood pressure goes down. Breathing becomes fast so that the lungs secrete excessive levels of carbon dioxide in the blood decreases.

Early symptoms include shivering, body temperature rises very fast, warm and reddish skin, weak pulse and blood pressure fluctuated. Decreased urine production despite increased flow of blood from the heart. In later stages, the body temperature often drops to below normal.

When the shock worsens, several organs fail:

• Kidneys: urine production is reduced.
• Lungs: respiratory distress and decreased oxygen levels in the blood.
• Heart: fluid retention and swelling.

May develop blood clots in the blood vessels.