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Showing posts with label Impaired Physical Mobility. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Impaired Physical Mobility. Show all posts

Wednesday, October 30, 2013

Impaired Physical Mobility - NCP for Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Nursing Care Plan for Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Guillain-Barre syndrome or GBS is a severe inflammatory disorder of the peripheral nerves.

Guillain-Barre Syndrome is an inflammatory disorder in which the body's immune system attacks the nerves, causing severe weakness and numbness and eventually leading to muscular paralysis.

The symptoms of Guillain-Barre syndrome are lack of feeling, weakness or itchiness in arms or legs, and possible loss of feeling and movement in the upper body, face, arms and legs. The symptoms can remain in this phase and can cause little difficulty in walking. However, in some cases the illness can progress resulting in entire paralysis of arms and legs.

Nursing Diagnosis: Impaired Physical Mobility related to neuromuscular damage

Goals:
To maintain the position of function with no complications (contractures, pressure sores).

Outcomes:
Clients can improve the strength and function of the affected part

Nursing Interventions and Rationale:
1. Assess motor strength / functional ability by using a scale of 0-5.
R / Define the development / re-emergence of signs that hinder the achievement of goals / expectations of the patient.

2. Give the patient a position that causes a sense of comfort. Make changes to the position on a regular schedule as needed on an individual basis.
R / Reduce fatigue, increase relaxation. Reduce the risk of ischemia / damage to the skin.

3. Chock extremities and joints with a pillow.
R / Maintain extremity in a physiological position, prevent contractures.

4. Perform passive range of motion exercises. Avoid active exercise during the acute phase.
R / Stimulates circulation, improve muscle tone and increase joint mobilization.

5. Coordinate care provided and the period of uninterrupted rest.
R / Excessive use of muscles can increase the time it takes to remielinisasi, arena may extend the time for healing.

6. Encourage you to do the exercise that continues to be developed and depend on individual tolerance.
R / exercise activities in the affected areas gradually improved / fixed, improve organ function normally and have a positive psychological effect

7. Give lubrication / oil artificially within their needs.
R / Prevent from drying the client's body.

Collaboration

1. Confirm with / refer gets physical therapy / occupational therapy.
R / Helpful in creating individual muscle strength / exercise conditioned and running training programs and identify tools to maintain the mobilization and independence in performing daily activities.

Thursday, October 3, 2013

Elderly Nursing Care Plan with Impaired Physical Mobility and Activity Intolerance

Mobility is the movement that gave freedom and independence for someone. Although the type of activity changed throughout human life, mobility is central to participate in and enjoy life. Maintaining mobility is critical for optimal mental and physical health of all elderly.

Immobility is broadly defined as the level of activity that is less than optimal mobility. Immobility, activity intolerance, and sindromdissue often occurs in the elderly. Barriers to physical mobility nursing diagnosis, potential disuse syndrome, and activity intolerance gives a broader definition of immobility.

Onset of immobility or intolerance activity for most people does not occur suddenly, moving from full mobility to physical dependence or total inactivity, but rather develop slowly and unnoticed. Interventions directed toward the prevention of the consequences of immobility and inactivity may decrease the speed of the decline.


Impaired Physical Mobility

Definitions:

A state of the limited ability of independent physical movement experienced by a person. (Carroll-johnson. 1988)

Immobilization is the inability of a person to move his own body. Immobilization said to be the main risk factor in the emergence of decubitus wound either in the hospital or in the community. This condition can increase the time an emphasis on skin tissue, and subsequently lead to lower circulation decubitus sores. Immobilization in addition to directly affecting the skin, also affects several organs. For example, the cardiovascular system, peripheral blood circulation disorders, respiratory system, reduce lung movement to take oxygen from the air (lung expansion) and result in decreased oxygen intake to the body. (Lindgren et al. 2004)

Defining characteristics
  1. Inability to move with purpose in the environment, including mobility in bed, move and ambulate
  2. Reluctance to move
  3. Limitation of range of motion
  4. Decrease the power, control, or muscle mass
  5. Experienced restrictions on movement, including protocols and medical mechanical
  6. Impaired coordination

Related factors
  1. Activity intolerance
  2. Decreased strength and endurance
  3. Pain and discomfort
  4. Perceptual or cognitive disorders
  5. Neuromuscular disorders
  6. Depression
  7. Severe anxiety


Activity Intolerance

Definitions:

A state of energy insufficiency in physiological or psychological on a person to survive or complete daily activities necessary or desirable. (Carroll-johnson. 1988)

Defining characteristics
  1. Verbal report of fatigue or weakness
  2. Heart rate or blood pressure is not normal to the activity
  3. Discomfort: Dyspnea after activity
  4. Electrocardiographic changes indicating the presence of dysrhythmias or ischemia

Related factors
  1. Bed rest and immobility
  2. General weakness
  3. Sedentary lifestyle
  4. Imbalance between oxygen supply and requirement

 Internal Factors

Internal factors that cause or contribute to immobility .
1 . Decrease in musculoskeletal function :
Muscles ( atrophy , dystrophy , or injury ) , bone ( infection , fracture , tumors , osteoporosis , or osteomastia ) , joints ( arthritis and tumors ) , or a combination of the structure ( and cancer drugs ) .

2 . Changes in neurologic function :
Infection (eg, encephalitis ) , tumor , trauma , drugs , vascular disease ( eg, stroke ) , degenerative diseases ( eg, Parkinson's disease ) , demyelinating disease ( eg, multiple sclerosis ) , exposure to toxic products ( eg, carbon monoxide ) , metabolic disorders ( eg, hypoglycemia ) , or nutritional deficiencies .

3 . Pain :
Multiple and varied as the causes of chronic diseases and trauma .

4 . Perceptual deficits :
Excess or shortage of input sensory perception

5 . Reduced cognitive abilities : Disruption

6 . Fall :
Physical effects : injury or invoice
Psychological effects : syndrome after fall

7 . Changes in social relations
Actual factors ; ( eg, loss of a spouse , moving away from family or friends )
Perceptual factors ( eg, change of mindset as depression )

8 . Psychological aspects : helplessness in learning , depression .


External Factors

External factors that contribute to immobility:
1. Therapeutic program
2. Characteristics institutional residents
3. Characteristics of staff
4. Nursing care delivery systems
5. Barriers
6. Institutional policies


Management


1. Primary Prevention
Primary prevention is a process that lasts throughout life and episodic. As an ongoing process throughout life, moblilitas and activity depends on the function of the musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular, pulmonary. As an episodic process of primary prevention aimed at preventing the problems that can arise due to imoblitas or inactivity.

2. Secondary prevention

Downward spiral, which occurs due to an acute exacerbation of immobility can be reduced or prevented by nursing interventions. The success of the intervention comes from an understanding of the various factors that cause or contribute to immobility and aging. Secondary prevention focuses on maintenance of function and prevention of complications. Nursing diagnosis related to secondary prevention is impaired physical mobility.
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