Relationship Between Anxiety with Migraine

Relationship Between Anxiety with Migraine

Relationship Between Anxiety with Migraine   October 05, 2015

More than 100 years the relationship between psychological factors and headache studied.
Emotional factors often trigger a headache, especially migraine. Three types of headache is most often associated with psychological factors are studied in migraine more intensive compared than other forms.

Typically, migraine sufferers have a specific personality (perfect, ambitious, rigid) as a group, patients with migraine usually intelligence and perfectionist and they are people who are capable of facing the day-to-day crises. But in adaptation to life changes such as puberty, menstruation, separation from family and home, change jobs, marriage, parenthood, or get a high position, it turns out the ability to tackle problems that are usually good, being less well and therefore attack headache then arise.


Migraine

Migraine is a painful headache, often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light.

The exact cause of migraines is unknown, although migraine related to changes in the brain and genetic causes. People with migraines may inherit the tendency to be affected certain migraine triggers, such as fatigue, bright lights, weather changes, and others.

For many years, scientists believed that migraines associated with the expansion and inhibition / constriction of blood vessels in the brain's surface. However, it is now believed that migraines are caused by inherited abnormalities in certain areas of the brain.

There are "central pain" migraine, or generator in the brain. Migraine begins when hyperactive nerve cells send impulses to the blood vessels, causing the blood vessels are prohibited or restricted, followed by dilation (expansion) and the release of prostaglandins, serotonin, and other inflammatory substances that cause painful pulse.

Most migraines seem to be triggered by external factors. Some triggers may include:

• Emotional stress. This is one of the most common triggers of headache / migraine. Migraine sufferers are generally highly affected by stressful events. During stressful events, certain chemicals in the brain are released to combat the situation (known as response "fight or retreat"). The release of these chemicals can provoke vascular changes that can cause migraines. Repressed emotions surrounding stress, such as anxiety, fear, excitement, and fatigue can increase muscle tension and dilation of blood vessels can increase the severity of migraine.
• Sensitivity to certain chemicals and preservatives in food. Food and beverages, such as aged cheese, alcoholic beverages, and food additives such as nitrates and monosodium glutamate may be responsible for triggering mingrain up to 30%.
• Caffeine. Excessive caffeine consumption or the effects of caffeine withdrawal can cause headaches when the caffeine level suddenly drops. The blood vessels seem to be sensitive to caffeine, and when caffeine is not ingested, a headache may occur. Caffeine itself is often helpful in treating acute migraine attacks.
• Changes in weather conditions. Storms, changes in air pressure, winds, or changes in altitude, all can trigger a migraine.
• Menstrual period.
• Overexertion.
• Skipping meals.
• Changes in normal sleep patterns.

The symptoms of migraine can occur in various combinations and include:

• Headache hitting or beating, which often begins as pain and develops into throbbing pain. The pain is usually aggravated by physical activity. The pain can shift from one side of the head to the other, or it can affect the front of the head or felt like illness affects the whole head.
• Sensitivity to light, noise and odors.
• Nausea and vomiting, abdominal unwell, abdominal pain.
• Loss of appetite.
• The taste sensation that is very warm or cold.
• Paleness.
• Fatigue.
• Dizzy.
• Blurred vision.
• Diarrhea.
• Fever (rare).

Most migraines last about four hours despite severe can last up to a week. The frequency of migraines varies greatly between individuals. Common for a migraine sufferer to get a headache from two to four times per month. However, some people may have headaches every few days, while others only get a migraine once or twice a year.


Anxiety

Anxiety is a feeling worried vague source, often non-specific or unknown to the individual.

Anxiety is a feeling / emotional response to the judgment, feelings of uncertainty and helplessness (Stuart and Sundeen, 1988). Emotional state experienced objectively and communicated in interpersonal relationships. Anxiety is the emotional response to the judgment in everyday life. Anxiety describe the state of worry, anxiety, fear, do not feel at ease with a variety of physical complaints.

Levels of Anxiety

Mild Anxiety

Mild anxiety associated with the tension of the events of everyday life. At this level of perception widen and individuals will be cautious and alert.

Physiological responses:

• Occasionally short of breath.
• Tone and blood pressure rises.
• Mild symptoms in the stomach.
• Wrinkled face and lips quivering.

Cognitive Response:

• Capable of receiving stimuli complex.
• Concentration on the issue.
• Solve problems effectively.

Behavioral and emotional responses:

• Unable to sit quietly.
• Fine tremor of the hands.
• Voice sometimes rising.

Moderate Anxiety

At this rate decreased perception of the environment, individuals are more important things to focus on the moment and the exclusion of anything else.

Physiologic response:

• Often short of breath.
• Pulse and blood pressure rises.
• Dry mouth.
• Anorexia.
• Diarrhea / constipation.
• Agitated.

Cognitive responses:

• Field narrowed perception.
• External stimuli are not able to be accepted.
• Focusing on what the attention.

Behavioral and emotional responses:

• Jerky movements / squeezing hands.
• Talk and more quickly.
• Insomnia.
• Feelings of insecurity.

Severe Anxiety

Physical response:
Muscle tension weight, hyperventilation, eye contact is bad, sweating increased, fast talking, high tone, action aimless and haphazard, jaw tensed, gritted his teeth, need for space increases, pacing, yelling, squeezing hands and shaking.

Cognitive response: field is limited perception, thought processes fragmented, difficulty thinking, problem solving poor, unable to take into consideration the information, only to notice the threat, preoccupation with his own thoughts, and self-centered.

Emotional response: very anxious, agitated, scared, confused, feel inadequate, withdrawal, denial and want to be free.


Relationship Between Anxiety with Migraine

1. Anxiety is common in migraine sufferers.
2. There is a relationship between the degree of pain intensity with anxiety due to the severity of migraine.
3. There is a relationship between duration of pain with the severity of anxiety in patients with migraine.

Nursing Care Plan for Migraine

Nursing Care Plan for Migraine

Nursing Care Plan   October 08, 2013

Migraine is a complex of symptoms that have characteristics at the time of a severe headache attacks repeatedly.

Obvious cause of migraines is unknown, but it may lead to a primary vascular disorder that usually occurs in women, and many have a strong tendency in the family. Migraines are also caused by the occurrence of a combination of vasodilation (widening of blood vessels) and the release of a chemical substance from nerve fibers that surrounds the blood vessels. When a migraine attack, the temporal artery (the artery that runs around the temple) will be widened. The widening will cause stretching of the nerve fibers around arteries thus stimulating these nerve fibers to release chemicals. This substance will cause inflammation, headaches and feeling incredible.

Signs and symptoms of migraine on the result of cerebral cortical ischemia varying degrees. Typical attack starts with a scalp artery vasoconstriction and retinal blood vessels and cerebral. Extracranial and intracranial blood vessels dilated, which causes pain and discomfort. Studies suggest that arterial dilatation, causing hyperpermeable, and that sterilize local inflammation, which causes pain in surrounding areas and arterial dilatation. The state aims to enable existing substances in the blood vessels that participated in cleaning the inflammatory reaction.

Migraine attacks in general will activate the sympathetic nerves. The meaning of the sympathetic nerve is the nerve that is part of the human nervous system is responsible for controlling the body's response to stress and pain. Increased sympathetic nervous activity in the intestine causes nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Sympathetic activity will also lead to slow gastric emptying resulting in drug delivery to the small intestine to be absorbed will also be hampered. Barriers to drug absorption that is the problem for people with migraine when administered orally administered drug. Increased sympathetic activity also decreases the flow of blood so that the skin will appear pale and cold. Increased neural activity will also lead to increased sensitivity to light and sound.

Migraine is a chronic condition. Most of the migraine attacks are also accompanied with another headache. Migraine headache is often described as a severe headache, throbbing and attacking head on one side. Some pain is felt in the forehead, around the eyes and behind the head so obscure symptoms with another headache. Although most of the migraine attack on one side of the head, but often also found symptoms of migraine headaches on both sides of the head. Side of the head migraines too often turns on every time attack. Be careful when the affected side of the head is always the same, another possibility is the occurrence of a brain tumor. Patients with migraine often tormented in performing daily activities, especially when the attack occurred. Other accompanying symptoms of migraine include, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, facial pallor, cold hands feet, and the patient will be sensitive to light and sound. Due to an increased sensitivity to light and sound then migraine sufferers had to lie in a quiet and dark room. Migraine attacks usually subside within 4 to 72 hours.

Nearly 70% had a family history of migraine. Most of the women. The first attack in the migraine usually starts during adolescence and young adulthood, and then tended to decrease at the age of 5 and 6 decades. Usually there is a triggering factor. Patients generally have a perfectionist personality, rigid, and impulsive.

The clinical features of migraine is usually a throbbing headache but unilateral and bilateral or switched sides. Migraine attacks typically 2-8 times per month, once the attack duration between 4-24 hours or may take longer, moderate-severe pain intensity, accompanying symptoms, among others,: nausea, vomiting, photophobia and / or phonophobia, pale face, vertigo , tinnitus, irritable.


Nursing Diagnosis for Migraine

1. Acute pain related to stress and tension, increased intracranial
characterized by: said pain, pale around the face, restless.

2. Imbalance nutrition less than body requirements related to inability of the input, digest, absorb, food, due to biological factors and psychological
characterized by : nausea, vomiting, weight loss, anorexia.

3. Disturbed Sleep Pattern related to headache
Characterized by: insomnia, face pale, limp.

4. Deficient Knowledge related to lack of exposure to information
characterized by: the improper conduct and excessive.